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This paper presents the dependence of antibacterial activity on the structure of phenolic acids as biologically active substances of natural origin. The biological activity of selected compounds was assessed by means of microbiological tests on selected strains of tested bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus vulgaris and Bacillus subtilis. Microbiological assays were correlated with spectroscopic data. The dependencies between the percentage growth inhibition of microorganisms under the influence of test compounds vs. values of the wavenumbers for individual bands present in the infrared spectra (FT-IR) of these compounds, were determined. These results suggest that the biological activity of the compounds depends on the electron density distribution both in the ring and the carboxylate anion. Therefore, the dependence structure-activity may be useful for predicting the biological properties of a series of novel synthetic compounds without the need for biological tests for each compound.
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